The history of the Russian population that inhabits the modern territory of the Republic of Chuvashia begins after the fall of the Kazan Khanate in 1552, and with the construction of "Ostrogs," a type of fortified garrison town which began to be settled and inhabited by service people (Streltsy, Military Governors and others) and later by artisans, blacksmiths and merchants. Some of the notable "Ostrog" towns/cities were Cheboksary (1555), Alatyr (1552), and Civilsk (1589). However, the largest and most extensive settlement of the Russian population of the modern territory of the Republic of Chuvashia was during the 17th century, when hundreds of thousands of Russian peasants (primarily serfs) were either forcibly resettled or contractually resettled by Russian Boyars from central Russia (like Vladimir, Kostroma, Moscow regions in particular).
These peasants settled what is now the western part of the Republic of Chuvashia and primarily live in the following modern districts: Alatyrsky, Poretsky, Yadrinsky, and Shumerlinsky Districts. Later on, they were replenished by another wave of Russian peasants who were brought here by landlords called "Pomeshchiki" in the 18th century. The populations of cities like Cheboksary and Alatyr were also replenished during the Industrial Revolution by entrepreneurs (coming from other parts of the Empire). In these cities and their outskirts, these entrepreneurs established tanneries, distilleries, and brickworks, as well as establishing Cheboksary as a trading hub on the Volga, especially for grain. By the beginning of the 19th century, Russians made up 20 to 30 percent of the modern territory of the Chuvash Republic.
The traditional clothing of the Russian Old Timer population of this region generally consisted for women and girls: a while cotton shirt with some type of pattern (primarily floral) and wide sleeves that gathered at the wrist and were decorated at the end with "braid," the lining of the neck area was also decorated with "braid." On top of that, a sarafan was worn, in some villages, a type of sarafan called "Kosoklinny" was worn, this type of sarafan widens toward the bottom by stitching angled triangular wedges into the sides and is decorated with small bells (as seen in pictures 10 and 16). In the Poretsky District, a certain type of Kokoshnik called "Sechenovsky," this type of Kokoshnik was also worn in the neighboring Sechenovsky district (Nizhny Novgorod region) hence the name. It was worn by women from their marriage til their death. Generally, the male costume was identical to that of other Russian regions: a Kosovorotka (sometimes embroidered, sometimes not), trousers, and headwear (such as the Ushanka, Kartuz, Grechnevik, etc).
Photos 1-7, 16, 17-19: Village of Poretskoye, Poretsky District. Photos 1-6 were taken by the photographer William Carrick in 1870.
Photo 8: Mother and her daughters from the outskirts of Cheboksary
Photo 9: Woman from the village of Novaya Ekaterinovka, Yadrinsky District. Year 1967.
Photo 10 and 12: Women from the village of Gart, Poretsky district. Year 1966.
Photo 11: Girl from the village of Altyshevo, Alatyrsky district. Year 1966.
Photo 13: Woman from the village of Napolnoye, Poretsky District. 1966.
Photo 14 and 15 : Men from the village of Sursky Maidan, Alatyrsky district. Year 1966.
Photo 17: Women's clothing from the village of Bronovshchina, Poretsky District.