I work with a native plant landscaping company in Tennessee (zone 7b), and Bermuda grass is one of our biggest challenges with lawn conversions. I'm curious to hear from landscapers or home gardeners who have found an effective long term solution outside of glyphosate, ideally one that works for homeowners who don't want to wait 2 to 3 years for a conversion or deal with constant weeding until the plants mature enough to shade things out.
Over the years on my own property, I've tried:
- Occultation (tarping)
- Solarization
- Sod cutting followed by smothering with cardboard and mulch
- Smothering with mulch only or with cardboard + mulch repeatedly as bermuda continues to grow through
- Lasagna gardening
After 5+ years, every area where I tried these non-herbicide methods is now lush Bermuda lawn again. The only approach that has actually worked for me is glyphosate.
I've also tried manual removal: digging down 8 to 12 inches and shaking out every bit of soil to remove all of the rhizomes. It works, but it's prohibitively labor intensive/expensive for anything more than a couple hundred square feet, and it's not great for soil structure either.
I've heard that mulching at least 2 FEET deep for at least one year (ideally at least two) can work, but most clients aren't willing to wait two years before we can even start planting. That much mulch is also expensive, can look pretty ugly just sitting there for 2 years, and isn't really an option for a front yard landscape or anything on a slope.
I try to explain to clients that selective herbicide use in ecological restoration is a bit like chemo for cancer, something to be careful and targeted about, but sometimes the most ecologically friendly option available. For example, solarization can kill beneficial insects, fungi, and bacteria in the soil, wiping out the ecosystem living there. Tilling and sod cutting can do similar damage while also destroying soil structure.
So two questions for anyone that has gone through a similar journey:
- Has anyone had success eradicating Bermuda grass with a method I haven't listed here?
- Do you have any great resources to share with clients to help them understand and get on board with selective herbicide use? I sometimes refer to Ben Vogt's articles and here are some other articles i have referenced in the past, but I am always interested to read new research.
Thanks in advance!
(Included some pics of our property where we have converted 22k sq ft of bermuda grass lawn to native and edible landscaping so far!)