r/FutureWhatIf • u/PyroIsSpai • 8h ago
r/FutureWhatIf • u/Glass-Complaint3 • 5h ago
r/FutureWhatIf • u/alienccccombobreaker • 13h ago
TL;DR discord and Reddit but for making ideas come to life and building a better humanity and society in an easier and more convenient and less stressful fashion essentially exponentially increasing the speed and ease of growth
r/FutureWhatIf • u/ThinkTankDad • 11h ago
All 76 current signatories (per NASA, last updated Oct 7, 2026) are sorted into 11 Jungian archetypes by what each country actually brings to lunar exploration; the Everyman is the largest group at 13, and only two nations, Thailand and Senegal, fit the Outlaw.
| Archetype | Count | Defining contribution |
|---|---|---|
| Everyman | 13 | Steady membership: signs, hosts payloads, follows norms |
| Innocent | 9 | Idealistic newcomers and microstates with nascent programs |
| Caregiver | 8 | Earth observation, disaster response, development |
| Explorer | 8 | Spaceports, remote terrain, observatories |
| Hero | 6 | Landed, launched or flown crews beyond Earth orbit |
| Creator | 6 | Flight hardware and industrial supply chains |
| Sage | 6 | Science, data and research institutions |
| Magician | 6 | NewSpace, small-sat and digital-state innovation |
| Lover | 7 | Alliance-building and diplomatic bridging |
| Ruler | 5 | Law-making, funding and program steering |
| Outlaw | 2 | Hedging between the Accords and China's ILRS |
The Jester has no clear fit, so it is left empty.
These nations set rules and steer money and program direction.
| Country | Signed | What they bring |
|---|---|---|
| United States | Oct 13, 2020 | Founder and steward with the State Department; SLS and Orion, the crewed Artemis II flight (Apr 2026), HLS landers and the planned south-pole Moon Base |
| United Kingdom | Oct 13, 2020 | Founding signatory; strong in national space licensing and regulation |
| Luxembourg | Oct 13, 2020 | Founding signatory; early national space-resources law and investment fund |
| France | Jun 7, 2022 | Signed on the 60th anniversary of its space program; CNES and Europe's launch anchor |
| Saudi Arabia | Jul 14, 2022 | Saudi Space Commission; heavy state funding; fourth Middle Eastern signatory |
These nations have flown crews, landed on the Moon or built the launchers to try.
| Country | Signed | What they bring |
|---|---|---|
| Canada | Oct 13, 2020 | Jeremy Hansen flew on Artemis II; Canadarm3 for Gateway, now paused |
| Japan | Oct 13, 2020 | Pressurized lunar rover with a seat on a landing mission; lunar landing demonstrated in 2024 |
| South Korea | May 24, 2021 | Danuri lunar orbiter and the Nuri launcher |
| Israel | Jan 26, 2022 | Beresheet, an early privately built lunar lander attempt (crashed 2019) |
| India | Jun 22, 2023 | Chandrayaan-3 south-polar-region landing (2023); signed during Modi's state visit |
| Türkiye | Aug 31, 2026 | First Turkish astronaut on the ISS and the Türksat 6A satellite; hosts IAC 2026 |
These nations build flight hardware and industrial supply chains.
| Country | Signed | What they bring |
|---|---|---|
| Italy | Oct 13, 2020 | Multi-Purpose Habitation module agreement with NASA via ASI; co-chaired the 2024 Principals' Meeting in Milan |
| United Arab Emirates | Oct 13, 2020 | Gateway crew and science airlock (Gateway paused Mar 2026); hosted a May 2025 Accords workshop |
| Czech Republic | May 3, 2023 | ESA member with an instrument and electronics supply chain; signed by its foreign minister |
| Spain | May 30, 2023 | Industrial base and the reusable-launcher developer PLD Space |
| Argentina | Jul 27, 2023 | INVAP-built satellites and radar through CONAE |
| Germany | Sep 14, 2023 | DLR-led; builder of Orion's European Service Module through ESA |
These nations offer frontier geography: spaceports, remote terrain and dark skies.
| Country | Signed | What they bring |
|---|---|---|
| Australia | Oct 13, 2020 | Founding signatory; focused on bringing in new Indo-Pacific signatories |
| New Zealand | May 31, 2021 | Rocket Lab's Mahia launch site |
| Brazil | Jun 15, 2021 | First Latin American signer; Alcântara launch center |
| Iceland | Oct 10, 2023 | Lunar-analog volcanic terrain |
| Sweden | Apr 16, 2024 | Esrange launch and tracking site in the Arctic |
| Chile | Oct 25, 2024 | Atacama Desert observatories |
| Norway | May 15, 2025 | Andøya spaceport |
| Oman | Jan 26, 2026 | Etlaq spaceport, which has attracted launcher developers such as PLD Space; signed at the Middle East Space Conference |
These nations contribute research institutions, instruments and data.
| Country | Signed | What they bring |
|---|---|---|
| Poland | Oct 26, 2021 | Signed at IAC Dubai; its agency aims to develop indigenous space technology |
| Netherlands | Nov 1, 2023 | Netherlands Space Office; hosts ESA's technical center |
| Belgium | Jan 23, 2024 | Strong space-science institutes, notably in aeronomy |
| Switzerland | Apr 15, 2024 | University-led instruments and science; signed by a Federal Councillor |
| Denmark | Nov 13, 2024 | Technical-university space research and instruments |
| Austria | Dec 11, 2024 | Space-research institutes; signed alongside Panama as the 49th and 50th signatories |
These nations punch above their size through small satellites, software and digital government.
| Country | Signed | What they bring |
|---|---|---|
| Singapore | Mar 28, 2022 | Trade-ministry-led; a hub for commercial space and satellite services |
| Lithuania | May 15, 2024 | Became the 40th signatory; small-satellite and laser-tech ecosystem |
| Estonia | Oct 13, 2024 | Became the 45th signatory; digital-state and software strengths |
| Finland | Jan 21, 2025 | Commercial radar small-satellite industry |
| Portugal | Jan 11, 2026 | Became the 60th signatory; Atlantic launch and small-satellite ambitions |
| Latvia | Apr 20, 2026 | Became the 62nd signatory; small-satellite and photonics niche |
These nations are the dependable core: modest national programs, strong commitment to shared norms, and mostly ministry-level signings. Their value is the headcount and the norms they back, not flight hardware.
| Country | Signed | Signing context |
|---|---|---|
| Mexico | Dec 9, 2021 | Signed by the foreign secretary |
| Romania | Mar 1, 2022 | Signed by the head of its space agency |
| Bulgaria | Nov 9, 2023 | Signed at NASA Headquarters as the 32nd signatory |
| Greece | Feb 9, 2024 | Signed by the foreign minister |
| Slovenia | Apr 19, 2024 | Joined during a cluster of spring 2024 signings |
| Slovakia | May 30, 2024 | Joined the same day as Peru |
| Cyprus | Oct 23, 2024 | Became the 46th signatory |
| Hungary | Oct 22, 2025 | Foreign minister signed beside Secretary of State Rubio |
| Malaysia | Oct 26, 2025 | Signed on the sidelines of the ASEAN summits |
| Ireland | May 4, 2026 | Signed the same day as Malta |
| Serbia | Jul 16, 2026 | Signed by the foreign minister |
| Albania | Sep 21, 2026 | Became the 73rd signatory, at NASA Headquarters |
| Croatia | Sep 23, 2026 | Signed two days after Albania |
These are mostly emerging space nations in Africa and Asia whose programs lean toward Earth observation, disaster response and development, a natural match for the Accords' emergency-assistance principle.
| Country | Signed | Signing context |
|---|---|---|
| Nigeria | Dec 13, 2022 | One of the first two African signers, at the US-Africa Leaders Summit |
| Rwanda | Dec 13, 2022 | The other first African signer; signed by its space agency CEO |
| Bangladesh | Apr 8, 2025 | Signed by the defence secretary |
| Philippines | Oct 27, 2025 | Signed by the Philippine Space Agency's officer-in-charge in Kuala Lumpur |
| Botswana | Jun 25, 2026 | Became the 68th signatory |
| Mauritius | Jul 17, 2026 | Became the 70th signatory |
| Djibouti | Sep 14, 2026 | Signed by its ambassador in Washington |
| Côte d'Ivoire | Sep 24, 2026 | Signed by its higher-education and science minister |
These nations join through relationship and alliance, and several now carry the Accords' diplomacy.
| Country | Signed | What they bring |
|---|---|---|
| Ukraine | Nov 12, 2020 | First signer after the eight founders, exactly one month later |
| Bahrain | Mar 2, 2022 | Signed by its National Space Science Agency CEO |
| Colombia | May 10, 2022 | Signed by the vice president and foreign minister |
| Peru | May 30, 2024 | Its agency director co-chairs the 2026 Principals' Meeting; hosts the 2026 workshop |
| Armenia | Jun 12, 2024 | Became the 43rd signatory |
| Jordan | Apr 23, 2026 | Became the 63rd signatory, at NASA Headquarters |
| Morocco | Apr 29, 2026 | Signed in Rabat by the foreign minister; 64th signatory |
These are microstates and nascent programs signing on principle, with little flight hardware yet. NASA says at least half of all signatories have committed some lunar payload or technology demonstration, so some may graduate.
| Country | Signed | Signing context |
|---|---|---|
| Ecuador | Jun 21, 2023 | Became the 26th signatory; signed by the foreign minister |
| Angola | Nov 30, 2023 | Signed in a Washington ceremony |
| Uruguay | Feb 15, 2024 | Signed by the foreign minister |
| Dominican Republic | Oct 4, 2024 | Became the 44th signatory; signed by its ambassador |
| Panama | Dec 11, 2024 | Became the 49th signatory, with Austria |
| Liechtenstein | Dec 20, 2024 | Signed by its communications office director |
| Malta | May 4, 2026 | Signed the same day as Ireland |
| Paraguay | May 7, 2026 | Became the 67th signatory; signed by its space agency head |
| San Marino | Sep 25, 2026 | Became the 76th signatory, the latest confirmed |
Thailand and Senegal sit in both camps: each has also joined China's International Lunar Research Station.
| Country | Signed | What they bring |
|---|---|---|
| Thailand | Dec 16, 2024 | First nation to join both the Accords and the ILRS; signed by its space-technology agency head |
| Senegal | Jul 24, 2025 | Second dual member; signed by its space study agency director |