r/interestingasfuck • • 20h ago

Robert Downey Jr, visiting Wall Street back in 1992 and being horrified after only staying there for 5 minutes

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u/Matlachaman 16h ago

OK. First off, I traded hard red winter wheat futures at the Kansas City Board of Trade. As a local. Which means I traded for my own account. I mostly did what's called scalping the market. That means I usually didn't put on long term trades. Mostly just a few minutes for each trade, trying to capture small price fluctuations on small positions, but do it over and over. I'm not sure what they're trading in this pit but overall it doesn't matter.

In the pit there are locals like me and there were people who filled orders for the big firms. Not all locals are scalpers, there are some who were speculators, they would carry large positions on their books.

All this yelling is called open outcry. It's very old and very simple, a meeting of buyers and sellers. How you tell what another trader wants is advertised by how they announce their intentions. To buy you always say the price before the quantity.

"I'M TWO BID FOR TWENTY!" If the price of a bushel was 3.42, then he just announced he'd pay that much for 20 contracts. Each contract is worth 5,000 bushels. He just offered to the world he'd buy 100,000 bushels of wheat for 3.42 each.

On the flipside:

"I'LL SELL TWENTY AT TWO!" or just twenty at two. Or the contract month at two, even shorter: " TWENTY MAY TWO!" (There's multiple months of the same commodity being traded in the pit simultaneously, so that's how you have to make sure you're trading the same contract month if the cents are close to the same. In wheat, the months traded are March, May, July, September and December. The words September and December are normally shortened to Sep and Dec. Pronounced Deece. All done to add brevity to the outcry.

The other way to know what the other trader is doing is seeing their hands. Palms out: sell palms in: buy. Eye contact is huge with the other trader and you always make sure not to long after the trade is executed to check with the other side to make sure you're both on the same page. That too is done quickly. "OK, I bought 20 at 2 and I bought another 20 at 1 and a half?" Those trades are written on cards that get turned into a person every half hour where a computer matches them. The cards are two sided. You write buys on the blue side, sells on the red side. They had your trading initials printed on the bottom. When recording a trade on the card you filled out boxes from left to right: Quantity, Trading initials of other trader, Month, Price, Clearing firm.

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u/Matlachaman 15h ago

Now how money is made, I'm surprised no one asked that. The price of grain futures moves at a quarter of a cent per tick. It's a $12.50 price difference per contract per tick. So, if I buy 1 contract of May wheat right this second at $3.42 (that's the price per bushel) and an order comes in to pay up to $3.42&1/4 and I sell him 1, I just made $12.50 in my trading account. Normally I traded 5 and 10 lots (lots=quantity). So, a quarter cent on 5 was $62.50. A half cent movement would make me, or lose me $125. It grows as you have larger positions. Like I said, I scalped the market so I would just try and do that over and over all day. Which was 3 hours 45 minutes long. Opening bell was at 9:30, we closed at 1:15. That's throwback to when orders came in from farmers via the mail. The pits were very slow then but the rules never changed.

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u/sacrelicio 16h ago

How is any of that tracked when everyone is just yelling at the same time?

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u/Matlachaman 15h ago

There's a pulpit beside the pit with at least one, usually two pit reporters tasked with specific months to track. They wore a headset that was connected to people in a booth above the trading floor that entered the trades into computers that flashed the prices across the world, and onto the board above the pits for us to see the current price. We would report our trades at them with yells also. Deece trades two! July is six sellers! May is five bid! (There's would be just a number for the last sale price. An a next to it if the new offer was below the last sale, a little b next to it if the newest bid was above the last sale price)

Before all that everything was done on huge chalkboards.

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u/Matlachaman 15h ago

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u/khdownes 10h ago

How does one know if their specific callout was heard, received, and assigned to them (and not any of the other 10 people yelling next to them).

Do they get a had signal back, to confirm that their trade was heard?

Is each trader like pre-registered at the pit, and noted down alongside the trade, by the people tracking it?

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u/Matlachaman 8h ago

Pre-registered: well, you have to have a trading badge to execute trades in the pit. The badge signifies you have, or have been given by a company to use, a seat on the exchange, or Board of Trade. The badge is worn on your trading jacket and you had a 1,2 or 3 letter initial on it that was written down by the traders on their cards when they traded with each other. The trades are written on cards which are given to clerks from all the respective trading firms who entered that information from each trade into computers which matched them up. If any of the information between the matching trades didn't align completely you had what's called an out-trade, or a cut-out (the computer cuts out your trade before it's finalized) which had to be corrected by the traders before the trade was considered completed. If the quantity/month/price weren't exact between the two traders it had to be addressed. All books had to settle to zero at the end of the day. If you and another trader can't agree on the error the solution is to bust the trade and act like it never happened. Then you'll have to re-do the trade with one of the sides getting fucked and one side benefitting because the price usually had moved by then. And yes, there were people that would execute a trade, then have the market go even greater in their favor after that and they may act like they hadn't made that trade or say the trade had been at a different, and always more favorable price for them. You knew who the people were who had done that in the past so I'd check the trades with those guys quickly or even better, try not to trade with them at all.

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u/CynicismReloaded 16h ago

Damn, thank you for your time writing this out. Very informative.

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u/LargeBrownBird 16h ago

That is fucking fascinating

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u/codeninja 16h ago

It's incredible that it works at all.

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u/JabasMyBitch 15h ago

why do they say "two bid for twenty" when they are buying at the advertised price of 3.42? or "twenty at two"?

what does the "two" mean in these instances?

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u/Matlachaman 15h ago

Two is the smallest part of the price at that time, but the price even breaks down into quarter cents also. So even, quarter, half and three quarters were traded. The price usually only moves at a quarter cent at a time so there's no need to include the dollar amount or even the dime, it's presumed. So even though I was using two as an example, more often we were yelling quarter, half or three quarters. In the case of three quarters, that's kind of a clumsy bit to spit out and was said as d'gotters.

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u/Alberto-Balsalm 16h ago

Pronounced Deece

Deece Nutz!

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u/Max-Phallus 14h ago

Firstly, thank you very much for explaining. I'm just surprised that there were not loads of mistakes where people misheard in all of that commotion.

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u/Matlachaman 12h ago

We were religious about checking trades quickly after they were executed, errors could get very expensive.

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u/Routine_Sandwich_838 15h ago

I just wonder why this isn't done digitally now. It seems antiquated. Is it to keep things the way they've been so only a certain group of people are able to understand and participate as an exclusionary tactic, or is there actually a benefit to having this rapid shotgun style of trading aside from that?

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u/prime_lens 14h ago

It is done digitally now.

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u/Matlachaman 15h ago

If you're slow, you won't get the trade. It's just a type of verbal shorthand.

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u/BonquiquiShiquavius 15h ago

But why does this even still exist in this digital age?

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u/Matlachaman 15h ago

For the most part, it doesn't. Almost all trading is now online.